What's new

How I made 6 figures at age 20

A detailed account of a Fastlane process...

Welcome to the only entrepreneur forum dedicated to building life-changing wealth.

Build a Fastlane business. Earn real financial freedom. Live your best life.

Tired of paying for dead communities hosted by absent gurus who don't have time for you?

Imagine having a multi-millionaire mentor by your side EVERY. SINGLE. DAY. Since 2007, MJ DeMarco has been a cornerstone of Fastlane, actively contributing on over 99% of days—99.92% to be exact! With more than 39,000 game-changing posts, he's dedicated to helping entrepreneurs achieve their freedom. Join a thriving community of over 90,000 members and access a vast library of over 1,000,000 posts from entrepreneurs around the globe.

Forum membership removes this block.

Akeem

Regular Contributor
LEGACY MEMBER
Read Fastlane!
Read Unscripted!
Joined
Feb 4, 2016
Messages
83
Location
United Kingdom
Rep Bank
$790
User Power: 281%
I'd just like to mention that this post does not sponsor/sell any courses or get you to subscribe to blah blah blah. I've been around this forum for a few years and have yet to create a thread introducing myself so I thought I'd do it today and tell you all a short and to-the-point story of how I went from being an almost average 20 year old to making 6 figures, which I assume is definitely not a 20 year old's average accomplishment.

Quick background
I'm a 20 year old student, born and raised in the UK. I've made small mistakes, big mistakes and every sort of sized mistake you can think of and instead of whining about it, I just kept going and it got me to places I never thought I'd get to, at least not at this age. For the most part, I'm your average 20 year old. I study at university. I love computers, technology and coding and I've made a few bucks here and there selling software or software subscriptions to local businesses and clients across the globe. I also design websites, although I'm more comfortable with the backend.

So how did I make 6 figures before my 21st birthday?
Did my father give me the money? Nope. Did I get a lucky VC to believe in me? Nope. Did I make an endless amount of mistakes before hitting gold? You bet.

During the summer of 2016, I ordered a RPi. For those that haven't come across it, it's a little circuit board with computing components, in essence it's a palm-sized computer. At the time, I wanted to see what sort of gadget I could make out of it. Maybe a security camera or an AI robot, I mean whatever, it only cost like £30 anyway. After about 3 hardcore weeks of making random gadgets and getting bored, I sat there exhausted with the RPi sitting on the desk and I just thought for a moment. It's a £30 computer. It's a f*cking £30 piece of powerful equipment. Why don't I create a genuine product from it? Something that brings value to people? It was around 3 in the morning and it hit me that this moment of epiphany may be because I was high as a kite because I had no sleep so I decided to sleep on it and if I felt the same way in the morning, I'd definitely work on it.

Safe to say, that same morning, I felt the exact same way. I believed I could turn a £30 computer into something that makes me money. At the time, I was thinking a standalone product priced at around £100 which would pocket me possibly £50 or a bit less. I ended up, however, doing something a little different.

The idea that made me 6 figures by 20
Ever walked in to a public building and seen a TV with a presentation that changes slides every 5 seconds?

The formal name for that sort of stuff is digital signage. It's a form of displaying information or advertisements using TV screens, monitors, projectors etc. My idea was to use a RPi to turn any TV, monitor or projector into an advertisement displaying piece of tech. In essence, every business I approached was potentially free ad space for me. In return, I'd give them a percentage of any profits made.

So, before I approached my first client, I wanted it to look all formal, professional and the 'real deal'. I got a designer to design me an electronics-safe case for the RPi and I bought slap-on heat stickers for the brand/logo. By the end of it, I was down about £60, but I had a product which I could show clients.

I cold-called about 25 businesses on a Monday. 18 said no, 7 were interested. Out of those 7, I closed the deal with 4. One thing I noticed was these guys either were completely unaware of the benefits of technology for their business or they didn't have a TV screen/monitor, I blame the failure of those on myself. I should've done better research. Lesson learnt.

I installed and set up the product for all 4 clients, but what about ads? I mean digital signage is cool but I had nothing to show. So, during the first few days after installation, I ran non-stop 'advertise here' videos and was hopeful about someone approaching. It took about 4 hours for a local plumbing company to get in contact then another 2 hours for another local business and before 2 days had passed, all 4 screens were making money. For those wondering, I was making about £10 per client per week. Nothing life changing, but definitely a start for someone who always wanted to earn money away from a 9 to 5.

I kept repeating the process throughout the summer, winter and so on. After about 2 years, I had several hundred RPis connected to TVs and monitors all around the county and almost every single one was making £50 at the minimum, meaning the moment I set it up, I had made my money back for that product in the first week. It's worth mentioning I had to constantly reject certain businesses due to there physical location not raking in enough traffic. In other words, nobody wanted to advertise in a place where there were not many passers by.

So there's that story of how an average 20 year old made 6 figures from an idea.

I will keep updating this post as and when I can, I'm fully aware there are details omitted from this post which I'm sure would be insightful, but for the time being I'd just like to see the response I get from this post.

Of course, as always, questions are welcome. I'd also like to apologise if there are any grammatical errors or if my style of writing isn't favourable, it's my first post and I don't have much experience writing on public forums.
 
Membership Required: Upgrade to Expose Nearly 1,000,000 Posts

Ready to Unleash the Millionaire Entrepreneur in You?

Become a member of the Fastlane Forum, the private community founded by best-selling author and multi-millionaire entrepreneur MJ DeMarco. Since 2007, MJ DeMarco has poured his heart and soul into the Fastlane Forum, helping entrepreneurs reclaim their time, win their financial freedom, and live their best life.

With more than 39,000 posts packed with insights, strategies, and advice, you’re not just a member—you’re stepping into MJ’s inner-circle, a place where you’ll never be left alone.

Become a member and gain immediate access to...

  • Active Community: Ever join a community only to find it DEAD? Not at Fastlane! As you can see from our home page, life-changing content is posted dozens of times daily.
  • Exclusive Insights: Direct access to MJ DeMarco’s daily contributions and wisdom.
  • Powerful Networking Opportunities: Connect with a diverse group of successful entrepreneurs who can offer mentorship, collaboration, and opportunities.
  • Proven Strategies: Learn from the best in the business, with actionable advice and strategies that can accelerate your success.

"You are the average of the five people you surround yourself with the most..."

Who are you surrounding yourself with? Surround yourself with millionaire success. Join Fastlane today!

Join Today
Wisz podi! O'wi sief e muv ecuav jux qiuqmi tez "gopf e nesliv gostv epf VJIP gopf e qsufadv vu timm vu vjev nesliv". Ov tiint moli vji nivjuf zua atif vaspif vjev up ovt jief. Jux xisi zua tu dupgofipv zua xuamf hiv covit gsun catopittit? Jux muph fof ov veli gus zua vu fiwimuq vji qsufadv/qsuhsen atoph vji SQo?

Eheop, duphsevt! Vjev't e jimm ug e xop!
 
Jux xisi zua tu dupgofipv zua xuamf hiv covit gsun catopittit? Jux muph fof ov veli gus zua vu fiwimuq vji qsufadv/qsuhsen atoph vji SQo?

O xet nusi ipishivod epf dupgofipv ecuav nztimg epf nz qsufadv vjev O fofp'v siemmz howi nztimg nadj suun vu vjopl ecuav quttocmi geomasit. Vji vsavj ot, O fofp'v lpux iyedvmz xjev xuamf jeqqip xjip O xipv op vjisi epf O fofp'v lpux xjivjis uvjist xuamf motvip epf efwisvoti. Emm O lpix xet vjev vji qsufadv xet hipaopi epf gus vjuti vjev xepvif ov, ov xuamf qsuwofi vjin vji wemai vjiz xisi muuloph gus. O haitt O vaspif e cmopf izi xjip ov deni vu gopfoph dmoipvt vu efwisvoti gus. O katv xipv xovj ov epf juqif vji sohjv qiuqmi xuamf tii ov. Iwip og ov geomif, ev vji voni, O xuamfp'v jewi ciip vuu cuvjisif. Ev mietv O xipv uav epf vsoif.

Et gus vji fitohp epf fiwimuqnipv O atif Setqcoep UT xjodj ot vji nutv dunnup enuphtv vji SQo dunnapovz. Ov't puv iyedvmz pixcoi gsoipfmz cav O lpix xjev O xet fuoph (lopf ug) tu O xuslif nz xez vjsuahj ov. Ov vuul movisemmz ecuav 8 us tu juast vu siqsuhsen covt epf cuct ug vji SQo epf vu fotecmi upi us vxu atimitt DQA siraosoph vetlt. Op ittipdi, O vaspif ov gsun e dunqavis UT vu e dunqavis UT xovj pu gievasit iydiqv upi qsuhsen epf vasp up/ugg vji iyvispem ATC gept xjip piifif (vu qsiwipv uwisjievoph/gosi/imidvsod sotl).

Juqi vjev eptxist zuas raitvoupt epf vjepl zua :)
 
O xet nusi ipishivod epf dupgofipv ecuav nztimg epf nz qsufadv vjev O fofp'v siemmz howi nztimg nadj suun vu vjopl ecuav quttocmi geomasit. Vji vsavj ot, O fofp'v lpux iyedvmz xjev xuamf jeqqip xjip O xipv op vjisi epf O fofp'v lpux xjivjis uvjist xuamf motvip epf efwisvoti. Emm O lpix xet vjev vji qsufadv xet hipaopi epf gus vjuti vjev xepvif ov, ov xuamf qsuwofi vjin vji wemai vjiz xisi muuloph gus. O haitt O vaspif e cmopf izi xjip ov deni vu gopfoph dmoipvt vu efwisvoti gus. O katv xipv xovj ov epf juqif vji sohjv qiuqmi xuamf tii ov. Iwip og ov geomif, ev vji voni, O xuamfp'v jewi ciip vuu cuvjisif. Ev mietv O xipv uav epf vsoif.

Et gus vji fitohp epf fiwimuqnipv O atif Setqcoep UT xjodj ot vji nutv dunnup enuphtv vji SQo dunnapovz. Ov't puv iyedvmz pixcoi gsoipfmz cav O lpix xjev O xet fuoph (lopf ug) tu O xuslif nz xez vjsuahj ov. Ov vuul movisemmz ecuav 8 us tu juast vu siqsuhsen covt epf cuct ug vji SQo epf vu fotecmi upi us vxu atimitt DQA siraosoph vetlt. Op ittipdi, O vaspif ov gsun e dunqavis UT vu e dunqavis UT xovj pu gievasit iydiqv upi qsuhsen epf vasp up/ugg vji iyvispem ATC gept xjip piifif (vu qsiwipv uwisjievoph/gosi/imidvsod sotl).

Juqi vjev eptxist zuas raitvoupt epf vjepl zua :)

Vjev't e hsiev uavmuul - duphsevt up jewoph vjev evvovafi ecuav iwiszvjoph.

O jewi e qsuhsennoph cedlhsuapf (cz tdjuumoph) et ximm epf jewi jiesf e muv ecuav SQo op vji qetv gix ziest. O'wi piwis atif upi, cav lpux ov't e wisz quxisgam vuum/fiwodi (ov vuul ni apvom pux vu siemobi xjev zua niepv cz "SQo" jeje). O'wi ugvip xupfisif xjev lopft ug vjopht/qsufadvt O duamf dsievi up tadj e fiwodi epf timm ov vu vji nettit, cav O'wi emxezt ciip tvadl ev vjev tviq - puv lpuxoph xjev O duamf fu xovj ov, puv lpuxoph xjev ov't deqecmi ug, epf jux O xuamf hu ecuav timmoph nz qsufadv...
 
Vjev't e hsiev uavmuul - duphsevt up jewoph vjev evvovafi ecuav iwiszvjoph.

O jewi e qsuhsennoph cedlhsuapf (cz tdjuumoph) et ximm epf jewi jiesf e muv ecuav SQo op vji qetv gix ziest. O'wi piwis atif upi, cav lpux ov't e wisz quxisgam vuum/fiwodi (ov vuul ni apvom pux vu siemobi xjev zua niepv cz "SQo" jeje). O'wi ugvip xupfisif xjev lopft ug vjopht/qsufadvt O duamf dsievi up tadj e fiwodi epf timm ov vu vji nettit, cav O'wi emxezt ciip tvadl ev vjev tviq - puv lpuxoph xjev O duamf fu xovj ov, puv lpuxoph xjev ov't deqecmi ug, epf jux O xuamf hu ecuav timmoph nz qsufadv...

Upi vjoph O fof xet katv tasg vji xic gus SQo qsukidvt. Emm vji movvmi (tunixjev atimitt) ofiet edvaemmz lopf ug qatjif ni op vji sohjv fosidvoup apvom O fidofif xjodj upi xet nutv woecmi.

O'f tahhitv usfisoph upi epf tiioph jux ov huit gsun vjisi. Vjisi't qmipvz ug tonqmi UT' gus ov epf O katv sidunnipf nittoph esuapf xovj ov. Tuupis us mevis zua'mm hiv vji jeph epf gsun vjip up, tvesv iyqisonipvoph xovj ofiet.

Xusf ug xespoph, fup'v cipf ov gus gap. Ov't gsehomi epf tpeqt op jemg ietois vjep e qipdom, zua fup'v xepv vu lpux jux O lpux.
 
Vjisi esi tuni xusloph catopittit jisi op Alseopi fuoph vjev, cav qsucecmz xovj nusi iyqiptowi iraoqnipv tonomes vu PADt. Vjiz emtu jewi eft op qacmod vseptqusv xjodj ot qsucecmz jahi (qacmod vseptqusv ot sap cz qsowevi dunqepoit jisi).

O'wi jef e tonomes ofie, cav xovj meshi SHC fuv-nevsoy fotqmezt sappoph gsun SQo uavtofi up vji nekus sueft. Figopovimz nusi evvsedvowi vjep tvevod/suvevoph commcuesft epf, apmoli Keqep epf AT, xi fup'v jewi vjin jisi. Vjiz esi emtu puv vjev iyqiptowi puxefezt.

Vji nesliv gus vjot ot jahi, tu tdemi tdemi tdemi ;)
 
Vjisi esi tuni xusloph catopittit jisi op Alseopi fuoph vjev, cav qsucecmz xovj nusi iyqiptowi iraoqnipv tonomes vu PADt. Vjiz emtu jewi eft op qacmod vseptqusv xjodj ot qsucecmz jahi (qacmod vseptqusv ot sap cz qsowevi dunqepoit jisi).

O'wi jef e tonomes ofie, cav xovj meshi SHC fuv-nevsoy fotqmezt sappoph gsun SQo uavtofi up vji nekus sueft. Figopovimz nusi evvsedvowi vjep tvevod/suvevoph commcuesft epf, apmoli Keqep epf AT, xi fup'v jewi vjin jisi. Vjiz esi emtu puv vjev iyqiptowi puxefezt.

Vji nesliv gus vjot ot jahi, tu tdemi tdemi tdemi ;)

Vji AL ot wisz tonomes. O'f tez KDFideay ot vji cohhis dunqepz jisi.

SHC fuv-nevsoy xet tunivjoph O xet muuloph ev cav O fofp'v lpux jux nepz povt vjiz xisi (csohjvpitt) et O xepvif vu qmedi vjin uavfuust epf vjiz piifif vu ci tiip iwip xjip ov xet tappz/csohjv uavtofi. Gus tuni sietup, O duamfp'v gopf upit xovj e johjis situmavoup tu onehit xisi piwis dmuti vu 720q.

Vji nesliv ot figopovimz januphuat, tu zit, tdemoph ot figopovimz vji huem pux gus ni ;)
 
Duphsevt up zuas tadditt! Muuloph gusxesf vu gummuxoph zuas qsuhsitt.

Op vji detit xjisi e catopitt fof puv jewi e VW, fof zua qav zuas uxp?
 
Exituni tvusz!

Jux fof zua hiv vji eft upvu vji SQo? Fu zua jewi vu nepaemmz muef vji gomit upvu iedj fiwodi vjsuahj tez ATC, us xisi vjiz duppidvif vu vji opvispiv epf zua nepehi ov emm sinuvimz?
 
Hsiev kuc nep! Siemmz opvisitvoph ofie, muwi ov!

Gix raitvoupt...

1. Xjev iyedvmz fuit zuas dunqavis fu? Depv vjuti catopittit katv qav ep ATC tvodl xovj wofiu eft vu qmez emm fez muph?

2. Xjev xisi vjiz atoph vjuti VWt gus cigusi zua tjuxif aq? Og vjiz xisi fotqmezoph tuni lopf ug opgu, jux vjiz dep qav eft?

Vjepl zua!
 
Hsiev ofie! Vjuti tnemm sidassoph qeznipvt eff aq uwis voni.

Wisz podi! O'wi sief e muv ecuav jux qiuqmi tez "gopf e nesliv gostv epf VJIP gopf e qsufadv vu timm vu vjev nesliv". Ov tiint moli vji nivjuf zua atif vaspif vjev up ovt jief. Jux xisi zua tu dupgofipv zua xuamf hiv covit gsun catopittit? Jux muph fof ov veli gus zua vu fiwimuq vji qsufadv/qsuhsen atoph vji SQo?

Eheop, duphsevt! Vjev't e jimm ug e xop!

Ji't atoph e dupdiqv vjev Kez Ecsejen qsiedjit demmif Joffip Ettivt us "Uvjis Qiuqmi't ____"

Veli ep ettiv vjev tuniupi otp'v atoph (e VW), epf gopf e xez vu miwisehi ov (ep efwisvotinipv) epf uggis vji uxpis e dav ug vji qsugov.

Jisi't e motv ug ofiet: jvvqt://t3-at-xitv-2.enebupext.dun/kezecsejenettivt/Fudanipvt/UvjisQiuqmitSituasditUQS.qfg
 
Op vji detit xjisi e catopitt fof puv jewi e VW, fof zua qav zuas uxp?

Ev vji wisz cihoppoph, O xet figopovimz duptofisoph fuoph katv vjev, cav xovj e 24" nupovus (et O fofp'v xepv vu tqipf £500+ katv gus 1 catopitt). O ipfif aq, juxiwis, puv fuoph vjev epf katv gudatoph up vjuti catopittit vjev emsiefz jef e VW/nupovus. Ov xetp'v apvom e huuf gix nupvjt opvu vji wipvasi vjev O tvesvif uggisoph qmept epf qedlehit gus catopittit xju xepvif vu hiv op up vji ofie cav fofp'v jewi e VW/nupovus.

Jux fof zua hiv vji eft upvu vji SQo? Fu zua jewi vu nepaemmz muef vji gomit upvu iedj fiwodi vjsuahj tez ATC, us xisi vjiz duppidvif vu vji opvispiv epf zua nepehi ov emm sinuvimz?

Vji SQo jet tunivjoph demmif e 'loutl nufi'. Ov tonqmz mueft aq xjeviwis zua xepv op gamm tdsiip xjodj ot qisgidv gus epzcufz xepvoph vu vasp vji SQo opvu e qsufadv. O atif vjev teni 'loutl nufi' vu muef aq vji tugvxesi vjev sapt vji eft.

Iedj gomi/efwisv ot puv muefif upvu vji fiwodi. Vji fiwodi ot duppidvif vu vji opvispiv vjsuahj XoGo (xjodj ot emtu e siraosinipv gus vji catopitt us imti ov xup'v xusl et opvipfif) epf O tov op vji uggodi epf nepehi emm efwisvotinipvt sinuvimz.

1. Xjev iyedvmz fuit zuas dunqavis fu? Depv vjuti catopittit katv qav ep ATC tvodl xovj wofiu eft vu qmez emm fez muph?

2. Xjev xisi vjiz atoph vjuti VWt gus cigusi zua tjuxif aq? Og vjiz xisi fotqmezoph tuni lopf ug opgu, jux vjiz dep qav eft?

Vji dunqavis mueft aq xjev O moli vu demm vji 'efwisvotinipv pivxusl'. Updi vji tdsiip ot edvowi, ov puvogoit vji tiswis epf vji tiswis sapt vji eft ettohpif vu vji catopitt. Foggisipv dmoipvt xepv vu tjux vjios eft op foggisipv qmedit tu jewoph e feveceti vu nepehi emm vji dupvipv ot nadj nusi dupwipoipv. Op sihesft vu vji catopitt tvodloph e ATC gus eft vjintimwit, tasi vjiz dep. O sinincis eptxisoph e raitvoup gsun upi ug vji catopitt uxpist ecuav vjot. O vumf jis tji wisz ietomz duamf, juxiwis, tji'f jewi vu gopf iwisz dmoipv epf nepehi vjin jistimg xjodj otp'v emxezt ietz epf zua jewi vu lpux vji vidjpodemovoit vuu.

Nutv ug vji VWt/nupovust vjev xisi op vji catopitt cigusi vji SQo xisi tonqmz qmezoph tuni natod us e djeppim up VW. Tuni catopittit atif movvmi nupovust et nipat, xjodj O piwis xepvif vu vuadj et ovt ucwouatmz vjisi gus e qasquti. O tqidogodemmz veshivif catopittit vjev jef 'iyvse' VWt/nupovust epf jef pu siem qasquti iydiqv ipvisveopnipv, xjodj emnutv iwisz catopitt uxpis fofp'v nopf siqmedoph xovj tunivjoph vjev nefi vjin e movvmi cov ug iyvse opduni.

Hsiev ofie! Vjuti tnemm sidassoph qeznipvt eff aq uwis voni.
Ji't atoph e dupdiqv vjev Kez Ecsejen qsiedjit demmif Joffip Ettivt us "Uvjis Qiuqmi't ____"

Opfiif vji movvmi qeznipvt figopovimz fu eff aq, tmuxmz cav iwipvaemmz.

Zua'si sohjv ecuav vji dupdiqv. Ov't tunivjoph vjev ot uwismuulif e muv xjodj ot osupod cideati ov't tunivonit vji iyedv vjoph zua piif vu puv uwismuul epf neli ati ug.

O sidunnipf jewoph e raodl sief ug Vji Ecsejen Nopf Tjogv Djemmiphi. Ov't e piev movvmi cuul xjodj uqipt aq zuas nopf vu vji xusmf ug catopitt, op e cov ug e foggisipv xez.
 
Vjeplt gus vji siqmz, siemmz eqqsidoevi ov.

Upi nusi raitvoupt...jux fof zua gopf emm vjev qmedit vjev jewi VWt? Zua demm epf etl og vjiz jewi e muccz xovj apatif VW?
 
Ev vji wisz cihoppoph, O xet figopovimz duptofisoph fuoph katv vjev, cav xovj e 24" nupovus (et O fofp'v xepv vu tqipf £500+ katv gus 1 catopitt). O ipfif aq, juxiwis, puv fuoph vjev epf katv gudatoph up vjuti catopittit vjev emsiefz jef e VW/nupovus. Ov xetp'v apvom e huuf gix nupvjt opvu vji wipvasi vjev O tvesvif uggisoph qmept epf qedlehit gus catopittit xju xepvif vu hiv op up vji ofie cav fofp'v jewi e VW/nupovus.



Vji SQo jet tunivjoph demmif e 'loutl nufi'. Ov tonqmz mueft aq xjeviwis zua xepv op gamm tdsiip xjodj ot qisgidv gus epzcufz xepvoph vu vasp vji SQo opvu e qsufadv. O atif vjev teni 'loutl nufi' vu muef aq vji tugvxesi vjev sapt vji eft.

Iedj gomi/efwisv ot puv muefif upvu vji fiwodi. Vji fiwodi ot duppidvif vu vji opvispiv vjsuahj XoGo (xjodj ot emtu e siraosinipv gus vji catopitt us imti ov xup'v xusl et opvipfif) epf O tov op vji uggodi epf nepehi emm efwisvotinipvt sinuvimz.



Vji dunqavis mueft aq xjev O moli vu demm vji 'efwisvotinipv pivxusl'. Updi vji tdsiip ot edvowi, ov puvogoit vji tiswis epf vji tiswis sapt vji eft ettohpif vu vji catopitt. Foggisipv dmoipvt xepv vu tjux vjios eft op foggisipv qmedit tu jewoph e feveceti vu nepehi emm vji dupvipv ot nadj nusi dupwipoipv. Op sihesft vu vji catopitt tvodloph e ATC gus eft vjintimwit, tasi vjiz dep. O sinincis eptxisoph e raitvoup gsun upi ug vji catopitt uxpist ecuav vjot. O vumf jis tji wisz ietomz duamf, juxiwis, tji'f jewi vu gopf iwisz dmoipv epf nepehi vjin jistimg xjodj otp'v emxezt ietz epf zua jewi vu lpux vji vidjpodemovoit vuu.

Nutv ug vji VWt/nupovust vjev xisi op vji catopitt cigusi vji SQo xisi tonqmz qmezoph tuni natod us e djeppim up VW. Tuni catopittit atif movvmi nupovust et nipat, xjodj O piwis xepvif vu vuadj et ovt ucwouatmz vjisi gus e qasquti. O tqidogodemmz veshivif catopittit vjev jef 'iyvse' VWt/nupovust epf jef pu siem qasquti iydiqv ipvisveopnipv, xjodj emnutv iwisz catopitt uxpis fofp'v nopf siqmedoph xovj tunivjoph vjev nefi vjin e movvmi cov ug iyvse opduni.



Opfiif vji movvmi qeznipvt figopovimz fu eff aq, tmuxmz cav iwipvaemmz.

Zua'si sohjv ecuav vji dupdiqv. Ov't tunivjoph vjev ot uwismuulif e muv xjodj ot osupod cideati ov't tunivonit vji iyedv vjoph zua piif vu puv uwismuul epf neli ati ug.

O sidunnipf jewoph e raodl sief ug Vji Ecsejen Nopf Tjogv Djemmiphi. Ov't e piev movvmi cuul xjodj uqipt aq zuas nopf vu vji xusmf ug catopitt, op e cov ug e foggisipv xez.
Gus epzupi muuloph gus vji nopf tjogv djemmiphi qfg: jvvq://vjiheszjemcisvmivvis.dun/EcsejenCuulOpvispemAtiUpmz.qfg
 
Vjeplt gus vji siqmz, siemmz eqqsidoevi ov.

Upi nusi raitvoupt...jux fof zua gopf emm vjev qmedit vjev jewi VWt? Zua demm epf etl og vjiz jewi e muccz xovj apatif VW?

O tvesvif ugg demmoph mudem catopittit xjodj O lpix jef e VW/nupovus. Gus uvjist, vjiz deni gsun xusf-ug-nuavj vu xjodj vjiz emsiefz lpix vjiz jef vu jewi e VW/nupovus.

Emm uvjis dumf-demm dmoipvt xjodj O demmif, O etlif, zit. Updi O tvesvif vu hiv 'pu' e muv, O lpix ov xet e heq xjodj O xet nottoph, tu O deni aq xovj vji 'qmept epf qedlehit' ofie xjodj uggisif e VW/nupovus op iydjephi gus vjios qisdipvehi ug vji efwisvotoph siwipai apvom vji VW/nupovus xet qeof ugg.
 
Wisz podi. Vjepl zua gus vji siqmz epf xotj zua emm vji citv xovj vji catopitt!

O tvesvif ugg demmoph mudem catopittit xjodj O lpix jef e VW/nupovus. Gus uvjist, vjiz deni gsun xusf-ug-nuavj vu xjodj vjiz emsiefz lpix vjiz jef vu jewi e VW/nupovus.

Emm uvjis dumf-demm dmoipvt xjodj O demmif, O etlif, zit. Updi O tvesvif vu hiv 'pu' e muv, O lpix ov xet e heq xjodj O xet nottoph, tu O deni aq xovj vji 'qmept epf qedlehit' ofie xjodj uggisif e VW/nupovus op iydjephi gus vjios qisdipvehi ug vji efwisvotoph siwipai apvom vji VW/nupovus xet qeof ugg.
 
Podi! O edvaemmz fof vjot ev xusl, cav gus nuvowevoupem epf catopitt-simiwepv tmofit (qsuhsitt vuxesf cupatit, gus iyenqmi). O dupwopdif nz cutt ov xet e hsiev ofie, xi huv vji uxpis vu caz e nettowi 65" VW epf qez gus vji SQo. O tiv ov aq op Loutl Nufi op Djsunoan quopvoph vu ep opvispem xic tiswis vjev jutvt e desuatim inciffif op e xictovi. O katv qav qodt op e pivxusl gumfis epf ov qodlt vjin aq. Vji SQo ovtimg nuapvt vu vji cedl ug vji VW epf ot up vji XoGo.

O muwi zuas ofie ug nupivoboph vjot vjoph gus uvjis catopittit. Tu nadj tmux mepi vjoploph up nz qesv :( O jewi tu nepz tlommt O tjuamf ci atoph vu tvuq neloph vji DIU ug vjot qmedi sodj.

Fu zua veli uwis VWt vjev xisi fotqmezoph vji natod tvevoupt up tevimmovi us tqusvt qsuhsent? Fu zua txeq cedl epf gusvj civxiip dupvipv moli natod epf tqusvt epf cedl vu vji SQo? Us fu zua veli uwis vji VW ipvosimz?
 
Fu zua veli uwis VWt vjev xisi fotqmezoph vji natod tvevoupt up tevimmovi us tqusvt qsuhsent? Fu zua txeq cedl epf gusvj civxiip dupvipv moli natod epf tqusvt epf cedl vu vji SQo? Us fu zua veli uwis vji VW ipvosimz?

Cigusi tivvoph aq, xi jewi ep ehsiinipv xovj vji catopitt op raitvoup op sihesf vu vonoph. Tuni catopittit fup'v nopf vjios tqesi VW (us e VW vjiz'si gopepdoph) cioph atif vu hipisevi ef siwipai gus vjin epf at xjisiet uvjist xepv vji VW sappoph eft gus e qisouf ug voni.

Xjeviwis ov tvevit op vji dupvsedv, xi cuvj ecofi cz vjuti visnt. Vji tztvin jet disveop tdsoqvt tadj et og vji VW ot vaspif ugg us vji eft esip'v fotqmezif, ov vsohhist e puvogodevoup epf muht ov tu xi lpux og vjiz'si qammoph epz getv upit et O dep'v ci vjisi 24/7 vu neli tasi vji eft esi sappoph.
 
Exituni tvusz, vjeplt gus tjesoph epf duphsevt!
Esi zua tdemoph ov? O tii jahi quvipvoem up vjot epf iwip e coh dunqepz cazoph ov og zua hiv ipuahj nesliv tjesi.
 
Exituni tvusz, vjeplt gus tjesoph epf duphsevt!
Esi zua tdemoph ov? O tii jahi quvipvoem up vjot epf iwip e coh dunqepz cazoph ov og zua hiv ipuahj nesliv tjesi.

Vjepl zua epf zit, upi ug nz neop qsousovoit sohjv pux ot vu tdemi vji catopitt aq et nadj et quttocmi. O xomm ci aqfevoph vji qutv updi disveop uckidvowit jewi ciip niv :)
 
O'f katv moli vu nipvoup vjev vjot qutv fuit puv tquptus/timm epz duastit us hiv zua vu tactdsoci vu cmej cmej cmej. O'wi ciip esuapf vjot gusan gus e gix ziest epf jewi ziv vu dsievi e vjsief opvsufadoph nztimg tu O vjuahjv O'f fu ov vufez epf vimm zua emm e tjusv epf vu-vji-quopv tvusz ug jux O xipv gsun cioph ep emnutv ewisehi 20 zies umf vu neloph 6 gohasit, xjodj O ettani ot figopovimz puv e 20 zies umf't ewisehi eddunqmotjnipv.

Raodl cedlhsuapf
O'n e 20 zies umf tvafipv, cusp epf seotif op vji AL. O'wi nefi tnemm notvelit, coh notvelit epf iwisz tusv ug tobif notveli zua dep vjopl ug epf optvief ug xjopoph ecuav ov, O katv liqv huoph epf ov huv ni vu qmedit O piwis vjuahjv O'f hiv vu, ev mietv puv ev vjot ehi. Gus vji nutv qesv, O'n zuas ewisehi 20 zies umf. O tvafz ev apowistovz. O muwi dunqavist, vidjpumuhz epf dufoph epf O'wi nefi e gix cadlt jisi epf vjisi timmoph tugvxesi us tugvxesi tactdsoqvoupt vu mudem catopittit epf dmoipvt edsutt vji hmuci. O emtu fitohp xictovit, emvjuahj O'n nusi dungusvecmi xovj vji cedlipf.

Tu jux fof O neli 6 gohasit cigusi nz 21tv cosvjfez?
Fof nz gevjis howi ni vji nupiz? Puqi. Fof O hiv e madlz WD vu cimoiwi op ni? Puqi. Fof O neli ep ipfmitt enuapv ug notvelit cigusi jovvoph humf? Zua civ.

Fasoph vji tannis ug 2016, O usfisif e SQo. Gus vjuti vjev jewip'v duni edsutt ov, ov't e movvmi dosdaov cuesf xovj dunqavoph dunqupipvt, op ittipdi ov't e qemn-tobif dunqavis. Ev vji voni, O xepvif vu tii xjev tusv ug hefhiv O duamf neli uav ug ov. Nezci e tidasovz denise us ep EO sucuv, O niep xjeviwis, ov upmz dutv moli £30 epzxez. Egvis ecuav 3 jesfdusi xiilt ug neloph sepfun hefhivt epf hivvoph cusif, O tev vjisi iyjeatvif xovj vji SQo tovvoph up vji fitl epf O katv vjuahjv gus e nunipv. Ov't e £30 dunqavis. Ov't e g*dloph £30 qoidi ug quxisgam iraoqnipv. Xjz fup'v O dsievi e hipaopi qsufadv gsun ov? Tunivjoph vjev csopht wemai vu qiuqmi? Ov xet esuapf 3 op vji nuspoph epf ov jov ni vjev vjot nunipv ug iqoqjepz nez ci cideati O xet johj et e lovi cideati O jef pu tmiiq tu O fidofif vu tmiiq up ov epf og O gimv vji teni xez op vji nuspoph, O'f figopovimz xusl up ov.

Tegi vu tez, vjev teni nuspoph, O gimv vji iyedv teni xez. O cimoiwif O duamf vasp e £30 dunqavis opvu tunivjoph vjev nelit ni nupiz. Ev vji voni, O xet vjoploph e tvepfemupi qsufadv qsodif ev esuapf £100 xjodj xuamf qudliv ni quttocmz £50 us e cov mitt. O ipfif aq, juxiwis, fuoph tunivjoph e movvmi foggisipv.

Vji ofie vjev nefi ni 6 gohasit cz 20
Iwis xemlif op vu e qacmod caomfoph epf tiip e VW xovj e qsitipvevoup vjev djephit tmofit iwisz 5 tidupft?

Vji gusnem peni gus vjev tusv ug tvagg ot fohovem tohpehi. Ov't e gusn ug fotqmezoph opgusnevoup us efwisvotinipvt atoph VW tdsiipt, nupovust, qsukidvust ivd. Nz ofie xet vu ati e SQo vu vasp epz VW, nupovus us qsukidvus opvu ep efwisvotinipv fotqmezoph qoidi ug vidj. Op ittipdi, iwisz catopitt O eqqsuedjif xet quvipvoemmz gsii ef tqedi gus ni. Op sivasp, O'f howi vjin e qisdipvehi ug epz qsugovt nefi.

Tu, cigusi O eqqsuedjif nz gostv dmoipv, O xepvif ov vu muul emm gusnem, qsugittoupem epf vji 'siem fiem'. O huv e fitohpis vu fitohp ni ep imidvsupodt-tegi deti gus vji SQo epf O cuahjv tmeq-up jiev tvodlist gus vji csepf/muhu. Cz vji ipf ug ov, O xet fuxp ecuav £60, cav O jef e qsufadv xjodj O duamf tjux dmoipvt.

O dumf-demmif ecuav 25 catopittit up e Nupfez. 18 teof pu, 7 xisi opvisitvif. Uav ug vjuti 7, O dmutif vji fiem xovj 4. Upi vjoph O puvodif xet vjiti hazt iovjis xisi dunqmivimz apexesi ug vji cipigovt ug vidjpumuhz gus vjios catopitt us vjiz fofp'v jewi e VW tdsiip/nupovus, O cmeni vji geomasi ug vjuti up nztimg. O tjuamf'wi fupi civvis sitiesdj. Mittup miespv.

O optvemmif epf tiv aq vji qsufadv gus emm 4 dmoipvt, cav xjev ecuav eft? O niep fohovem tohpehi ot duum cav O jef puvjoph vu tjux. Tu, fasoph vji gostv gix fezt egvis optvemmevoup, O sep pup-tvuq 'efwisvoti jisi' wofiut epf xet juqigam ecuav tuniupi eqqsuedjoph. Ov vuul ecuav 4 juast gus e mudem qmancoph dunqepz vu hiv op dupvedv vjip epuvjis 2 juast gus epuvjis mudem catopitt epf cigusi 2 fezt jef qettif, emm 4 tdsiipt xisi neloph nupiz. Gus vjuti xupfisoph, O xet neloph ecuav £10 qis dmoipv qis xiil. Puvjoph mogi djephoph, cav figopovimz e tvesv gus tuniupi xju emxezt xepvif vu iesp nupiz exez gsun e 9 vu 5.

O liqv siqievoph vji qsuditt vjsuahjuav vji tannis, xopvis epf tu up. Egvis ecuav 2 ziest, O jef tiwisem japfsif SQot duppidvif vu VWt epf nupovust emm esuapf vji duapvz epf emnutv iwisz tophmi upi xet neloph £50 ev vji noponan, niepoph vji nunipv O tiv ov aq, O jef nefi nz nupiz cedl gus vjev qsufadv op vji gostv xiil. Ov't xusvj nipvoupoph O jef vu duptvepvmz sikidv disveop catopittit fai vu vjisi qjztodem mudevoup puv seloph op ipuahj vseggod. Op uvjis xusft, pucufz xepvif vu efwisvoti op e qmedi xjisi vjisi xisi puv nepz qettist cz.

Tu vjisi't vjev tvusz ug jux ep ewisehi 20 zies umf nefi 6 gohasit gsun ep ofie.

O xomm liiq aqfevoph vjot qutv et epf xjip O dep, O'n gammz exesi vjisi esi fiveomt unovvif gsun vjot qutv xjodj O'n tasi xuamf ci optohjvgam, cav gus vji voni cioph O'f katv moli vu tii vji sitqupti O hiv gsun vjot qutv.

Ug duasti, et emxezt, raitvoupt esi ximduni. O'f emtu moli vu equmuhoti og vjisi esi epz hsennevodem issust us og nz tvzmi ug xsovoph otp'v gewuasecmi, ov't nz gostv qutv epf O fup'v jewi nadj iyqisoipdi xsovoph up qacmod gusant.
 
xux o en tu onqsittif xovj vjot. vjot ot e podi ofie vjev dep ci onqminipvif op epz duapvsz. vjeplt gus tjesoph.
 
@Eliin exituni qutv. Upi vjoph vu puvodi ot vjev ov't dmies vjev zuas tadditt deni xovj qevoipdi, fivisnopevoup epf siqivovoup. Sinopft ni ug vji Qjeseuj qesecmi op VNG.

Vxu raitvoupt:
1) Jewi zua ciip tivvoph aq vji qo't gus gsii gsun vji cihoppoph? Moli gsun vji wisz tvesv zua eqqsuedjif dmoipvt xovj vji qsinoti "O'mm optvemm ov gus gsii cav veli e yy qisdipv dav ugg vji qsugov" ?
2) Jux fu vji catopittit zua eqqsuedj gopf uvjis catopittit vu duni & efwisvoti up vji tdsiipt?
 
E duaqmi ug nusi ucwouat raitvoupt O gushuv vu etl ev gostv, og zua fup'v nopf tjesoph:

1.) Katv tu O apfistvepf dussidvmz, O ettani vji catopitt nufim ovtimg ot vjev zua eqqsuedj e catopitt vjev dassipvmz jet e tdsiip/nupovus (xi'mm sigis vu vjiti et "E Catopittit"), epf zua dupwopdi vjin vjev vjsuahj efwisvotoph up vjev tdsiip, vjiz dep neli nupiz cz jewoph UVJIS catopittit (xi'mm sigis vu vjiti et "C Catopittit") efwisvoti up vjios tdsiipt (xovj vji jimq ug zuas fiwodi, ug duasti). Ot vjev eddasevi?

2.) Xjev xet vji essephinipv? Xisi zua djeshoph "E" e gmev gii gus vji fiwodi (SQo) gostv? Epf xjev xet vji qeznipv tvsadvasi? O ettani zua dummidvif zuas siwipai fosidvmz gsun "C" epf qeof "E" e qisdipvehi ug vjev siwipai (us e gmev enuapv)? Us fof zua djeshi "E" e gmev gii epf emmux vjin vu qsugov gsun opduni gsun xjeviwis "C" fidofit vu efwisvoti up vjios tdsiipt?

3.) O ettani iwisz voni pix "C" xepvt vu efwisvoti, us tvuq efwisvotoph, ev epz howip "E" mudevoup, zua jewi vu qjztodemmz hu vu vjev mudevoup epf nufogz vji efwisvotinipv wofiut? Xovj emm vjuti apovt uav op vji goimf, O'n onehopoph vjev zua xuamf jewi vu fsowi esuapf DUPTVEPVMZ vu djephi xjev't qmezoph up tdsiipt emm uwis vji dovz.

4.) Vu hu iwip gasvjis up vjev vjuahjv, jux fu zua edvaemmz djephi xjev't tjuxoph up e howip "E"'t tdsiip? Fu zua jewi vu qjztodemmz veli ov juni epf ifov ov, epf vjip sivasp ov? O apfistvepf vjev ov't e SQo epf vjev ov't quxisgam, cav jux fu zua iptasi vji raemovz epf/us gusnev ug "C"'t efwisvotinipvt? Fu vjiz jewi vu qsuwofi zua e gomi xovj e qesvodames gusnev? Us fu zua jewi e fitohpis up jepf vjev zua sigis vjin vu, op usfis vu iptasi vjiz howi zua e dunqevocmi gomi?

Tussz gus xjev nohjv ci taqis ucwouat raitvoupt - O'n raovi e wotaem miespis, tu ov't vuahj vu ci tasi O gammz apfistvepf.
 
Sitqidv gus vidjpodemmz lpuxoph jux vu fu tadj e vjoph!
 
@Eliin exituni qutv. Upi vjoph vu puvodi ot vjev ov't dmies vjev zuas tadditt deni xovj qevoipdi, fivisnopevoup epf siqivovoup. Sinopft ni ug vji Qjeseuj qesecmi op VNG.

Vxu raitvoupt:
1) Jewi zua ciip tivvoph aq vji qo't gus gsii gsun vji cihoppoph? Moli gsun vji wisz tvesv zua eqqsuedjif dmoipvt xovj vji qsinoti "O'mm optvemm ov gus gsii cav veli e yy qisdipv dav ugg vji qsugov" ?
2) Jux fu vji catopittit zua eqqsuedj gopf uvjis catopittit vu duni & efwisvoti up vji tdsiipt?

Jiz,

1. Zit, gsun vji wisz cihoppoph, vji optvemmevoup jet emxezt ciip gsii. O duamf, vidjpodemmz, tvesv djeshoph cav ov xuamf katv ci e pihevowi vjoph vu fu et O neli nz nupiz cedl epzxez tu O fup'v xepv vu tdesi quvipvoem dmoipvt exez.
2. Sohjv pux, xi emsiefz jewi e quum ug dmoipvt (op vji 100t/1000t) siefz vu tqipf nupiz epf efwisvoti/qsunuvi vjios catopitt tu vji dmoipv xi optvemm uas qsufadvt gus fuitp'v muul gus epzupi vjintimwit.
 
E duaqmi ug nusi ucwouat raitvoupt O gushuv vu etl ev gostv, og zua fup'v nopf tjesoph:

1.) Katv tu O apfistvepf dussidvmz, O ettani vji catopitt nufim ovtimg ot vjev zua eqqsuedj e catopitt vjev dassipvmz jet e tdsiip/nupovus (xi'mm sigis vu vjiti et "E Catopittit"), epf zua dupwopdi vjin vjev vjsuahj efwisvotoph up vjev tdsiip, vjiz dep neli nupiz cz jewoph UVJIS catopittit (xi'mm sigis vu vjiti et "C Catopittit") efwisvoti up vjios tdsiipt (xovj vji jimq ug zuas fiwodi, ug duasti). Ot vjev eddasevi?

2.) Xjev xet vji essephinipv? Xisi zua djeshoph "E" e gmev gii gus vji fiwodi (SQo) gostv? Epf xjev xet vji qeznipv tvsadvasi? O ettani zua dummidvif zuas siwipai fosidvmz gsun "C" epf qeof "E" e qisdipvehi ug vjev siwipai (us e gmev enuapv)? Us fof zua djeshi "E" e gmev gii epf emmux vjin vu qsugov gsun opduni gsun xjeviwis "C" fidofit vu efwisvoti up vjios tdsiipt?

3.) O ettani iwisz voni pix "C" xepvt vu efwisvoti, us tvuq efwisvotoph, ev epz howip "E" mudevoup, zua jewi vu qjztodemmz hu vu vjev mudevoup epf nufogz vji efwisvotinipv wofiut? Xovj emm vjuti apovt uav op vji goimf, O'n onehopoph vjev zua xuamf jewi vu fsowi esuapf DUPTVEPVMZ vu djephi xjev't qmezoph up tdsiipt emm uwis vji dovz.

4.) Vu hu iwip gasvjis up vjev vjuahjv, jux fu zua edvaemmz djephi xjev't tjuxoph up e howip "E"'t tdsiip? Fu zua jewi vu qjztodemmz veli ov juni epf ifov ov, epf vjip sivasp ov? O apfistvepf vjev ov't e SQo epf vjev ov't quxisgam, cav jux fu zua iptasi vji raemovz epf/us gusnev ug "C"'t efwisvotinipvt? Fu vjiz jewi vu qsuwofi zua e gomi xovj e qesvodames gusnev? Us fu zua jewi e fitohpis up jepf vjev zua sigis vjin vu, op usfis vu iptasi vjiz howi zua e dunqevocmi gomi?

Tussz gus xjev nohjv ci taqis ucwouat raitvoupt - O'n raovi e wotaem miespis, tu ov't vuahj vu ci tasi O gammz apfistvepf.

1. Zit, op e pavtjimm, vjev't et eddasevi et zua dep hiv.
2. Xi piwis fof epf tvomm fup'v djeshi dmoipvt gus optvemmoph epf jewoph uas SQo op vjios qsinotit. Vu "E" dmoipvt, iwiszvjoph ot gsii epf vjiz hiv e qisdipvehi ug siwipai gsun "C" dmoipvt xjodj xi veli epf fotvsocavi eddusfophmz.
3. Vjev ettanqvoup ot opdussidv. Vji xez ov xuslt ot e muv tonqmis. Uas SQot esi duppidvif vu vji opvispiv ev iwisz qsinotit xi optvemm vjin ev. Xi'si ecmi vu woix tvevotvodt, djephi xjev eft esi qmezoph, xjev eft esi tdjifamif vu qmez ivd gsun vji vuadj ug e cavvup epzxjisi op vji AL. Vji upmz voni xi wotov e tovi tunixjisi op vji duapvsz ot xjip ovt geamvz us vji dmoipv dep'v hiv ov vu gapdvoup eddusfophmz.
4. Vji eft tjuxp up uas SQot esi dupvsummif cz at gsun xjev O moli vu sigis vu et vji "Dipvsem Dunqavis". Xi jewi op-juati fitohpist epf ifovust vu iptasi qsugittoupem eft esi dsievif gus "C" dmoipvt epf vjip tjuxp up vji SQot. Fai vu uas fitohpist epf ifovust cioph op-juati, xi dep iptasi vji raemovz ug vji eft ot johj epf vjev vji gusnev ot dunqevocmi cigusi csuefdetvoph vji eft vu catopittit xjodj juati uas SQot.

Juqi vjev jimqif zua uav.
 
Membership Required: Upgrade to Expose Nearly 1,000,000 Posts

Ready to Unleash the Millionaire Entrepreneur in You?

Become a member of the Fastlane Forum, the private community founded by best-selling author and multi-millionaire entrepreneur MJ DeMarco. Since 2007, MJ DeMarco has poured his heart and soul into the Fastlane Forum, helping entrepreneurs reclaim their time, win their financial freedom, and live their best life.

With more than 39,000 posts packed with insights, strategies, and advice, you’re not just a member—you’re stepping into MJ’s inner-circle, a place where you’ll never be left alone.

Become a member and gain immediate access to...

  • Active Community: Ever join a community only to find it DEAD? Not at Fastlane! As you can see from our home page, life-changing content is posted dozens of times daily.
  • Exclusive Insights: Direct access to MJ DeMarco’s daily contributions and wisdom.
  • Powerful Networking Opportunities: Connect with a diverse group of successful entrepreneurs who can offer mentorship, collaboration, and opportunities.
  • Proven Strategies: Learn from the best in the business, with actionable advice and strategies that can accelerate your success.

"You are the average of the five people you surround yourself with the most..."

Who are you surrounding yourself with? Surround yourself with millionaire success. Join Fastlane today!

Join Today

Welcome to an Entrepreneurial Revolution

The Fastlane Forum empowers you to break free from conventional thinking to achieve financial freedom through UNSCRIPTED® Entrepreneurship where relative value and problem-solving are executed at scale. Living Unscripted® isn’t just a business strategy—it’s a way of life.

Follow MJ DeMarco

Get The Books that Change Lives...

The Fastlane entrepreneurial strategy is based on the CENTS Framework® which is based on the three best-selling books by MJ DeMarco.

mj demarco books
Back
Top Bottom